DNA 1 - Chromosomes, Genome & Migration

This lesson covers:

  1. What 'DNA' is 
  2. What 'chromosomes' are
  3. What we mean by the term 'genome', and why understanding the concept is important 

What does DNA stand for?

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Deoxynuclear acid

Ribonucleic acid

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DNA has a double helix structure. How many strands is the helix made up of?

1

2

3

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The DNA in typical human cell is found in tight coils known as .

chromosomes

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How many chromosomes are there in a typical human cell? 

46

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Chromosomes exist in pairs. The chromosomes in the 23rd pair are known as the _____________

Sex chromosomes 

Determinant chromosomes 

Last chromosomes 

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Do women have XX or XY sex chromosomes? 

XX

XY

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Illustration showing chromosomes in X shape when DNA is duplicated for cell division and in l shape when cell is not about to divide.

Remember that chromosomes only have an 'X' shape when the DNA has been duplicated ready for cell division. The rest of the time, they will look more like like an 'l'. 

What is being described in the following statement?


"A small section of DNA that codes for a specific protein"

Gene

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DNA can code for proteins by coding for the sequence in which acids are joined together. 

amino

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What does the term 'genome' mean?

The entire set of genetic material in an organism 

The observable characteristics of an organism 

The sequence of amino acids in a protein

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Some genes can cause specific diseases. We call these _________ diseases. 

spontaneous 

inherited 

communicable

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World map illustrating migration patterns of ancestors based on genome studies.

True or false? Understanding the genomes of different people around the world can tell us about the migration patterns of our ancestors.

True

False

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