Plant Cell Organisation

This lesson covers:

  1. The structure of a plant leaf
  2. The levels of organisation in plants 

The four levels of plant organisation are:


 âž” tissues âž”  âž” organ systems

cells
organs

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Illustration showing a leaf structure as an example of an organ

The leaf is an example of an: 

Cell

Organ system

Tissue

Organ

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The root, stem, and leaves, together make up an: 

Tissue

Organ

Organ system

Cell

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A guard cell is an example of a: 

Tissue

Organ

Cell

Organ system

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The palisade mesophyll layer is an example of a: 

Cell

Tissue

Organ

Organ system

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Diagram showing the structure of a leaf with various cells and tissues indicated.

Which part of the leaf is indicated on the diagram above?

Waxy cuticle

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Diagram highlighting a specific structure within plant cells.

Which structure is highlighted on the diagram above?

Upper epidermis

Spongy mesophyll layer

Palisade mesophyll layer

Lower epidermis

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Diagram highlighting a specific structure within plant cells.

Which structure is highlighted on the diagram above?

Lower epidermis

Spongy mesophyll layer

Palisade mesophyll layer

Upper epidermis

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Diagram highlighting different structures within plant cells.

Which structure is highlighted on the diagram above?

Lower epidermis

Palisade mesophyll layer

Upper epidermis

Spongy mesophyll layer

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Diagram highlighting specific plant cells within a plant tissue structure.

What name is given to the cells highlighted on the diagram above?

Guard cells

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Diagram showing plant cell organisation with labelled structures.

What name is given to the openings indicated on the diagram above?

Stomata

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opaque / transparent / smooth / palisade / mesophyll / guard


The upper epidermis is so that light can pass through it. This means that as much light as possible can reach the mesophyll cells below, and be used in photosynthesis. 

transparent
palisade

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Which structures help to minimise water loss?

(Select all that apply)

Lots of spongy mesophyll cells

Guard cells which can close stomata

Waxy cuticle 

Transparent upper epidermis 

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flaccid / turgid / opens / closes / enter / leave


If there is plenty of water in the leaf, guard cells become , which the stomata. This allows carbon dioxide to the leaf, but also allows water to escape. 

turgid
opens
enter

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At night time, when photosynthesis can't take place, are the stomata normally open or closed? 

Open

Closed

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What is meristem tissue and where is it found? 

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