Communicable Disease 3 - Bacteria

This lesson covers:

  1. How bacteria cause disease by producing toxins 
  2. Examples of 'bacterial diseases'
  3. The symptoms, prevention methods, and treatments, of bacterial disease

The terms STD and STI both mean basically the same thing. 


STD - Sexually Transmitted Disease 

 STI   - Sexually Transmitted Infection

Cholera - key information


  1. Pathogen - Vibrio cholerae bacterium
  2. Transmission - through contaminated water or food
  3. Symptoms - severe diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration
  4. Treatment - supportive care, rehydration, and antibiotics in severe cases
  5. Prevention - access to a clean water supply, proper sanitation, and vaccination

Stomach ulcers - key information


  1. Pathogen - Helicobacter pylori bacterium
  2. Transmission - oral transmission, through contaminated food or water
  3. Symptoms - stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, bloating
  4. Treatment - antibiotics, medications to reduce stomach acid
  5. Prevention - good hygiene practices, avoiding contaminated food and water, and treating infections promptly

Tuberculosis (TB) - key information


  1. Pathogen - Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium
  2. Transmission - airborne, through droplets released when infected people cough
  3. Symptoms - cough, weight loss, fever, fatigue, lung damage
  4. Treatment - long-term antibiotics
  5. Prevention - TB vaccine (BCG), good ventilation and hygiene, and isolation of infected patients

Are bacteria unicellular (made of a single cell) or multicellular (made of many cells)?

Unicellular 

Multicellular 

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True or false? All bacteria cause disease.

True

False

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Are bacteria larger or smaller than animal and plant cells? 

Larger

Smaller

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Bacteria release small proteins called _________. These can damage our cells and are responsible for many of the symptoms of bacterial diseases. 

Antibodies 

Receptors 

Toxins

Haemoglobin 

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What is the treatment for gonorrhoea? 

Immunosuppressant medication 

Antibiotics such as penicillin 

Vitamin supplements 

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What is the main route of transmission for cholera?

Airborne droplets

Sexual transmission

Through contaminated water or food

Mosquito bites

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How is tuberculosis primarily transmitted from one person to another?

Sexual transmission

Airborne respiratory droplets

Direct contact with infected blood

Ingestion of contaminated food

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What bacterium is commonly associated with the development of stomach ulcers?

Streptococcus pyogenes

Salmonella

E. coli

Helicobacter pylori

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