Genetic Engineering/Modification
This lesson covers:
- What 'genetic engineering' is & why it's done
- What 'gene therapy' is
- The pros and cons of genetic engineering
- The steps of genetic engineering
What is genetic engineering?
The changing of the gene pool by only breeding together individuals with the most favourable traits
The deletion of a gene from an organism
The transfer of a piece of DNA from one organism to another organism
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What is another name for genetic engineering?
Genetic changing
Genetic modification
Genetic mutation
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Genetic engineering can only be done between two organisms of the same species.
True
False
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Sheep have been genetically engineered to produce drugs in their .
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Which of the following has been genetically engineered to produce human insulin?
Humans
Viruses
Bacteria
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Give three traits that could have been altered by genetic engineering in crops.
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What is gene therapy?
The treatment of an inherited disorder by giving the patient a healthy copy of the faulty gene
The development of resistance to a drug, due to repeated exposure
The treatment of an inherited disorder by giving the patient antibiotics
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Which of these disorders could be treated with gene therapy?
Coronary heart disease
Cancer
Cystic fibrosis
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What are the drawbacks of genetic engineering?
(Select all that apply)
There is a small risk that genetically modified food could negatively affect our health
If the crops breed with wild plants they could spread the new genes and affect the gene pool
We can create crops with higher levels of vitamins
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Steps of genetic engineering for human insulin
bacteria / plasmid / human / insulin
- Isolate the insulin gene from DNA.
- Insert the DNA into a vector, such as a .
- Insert the plasmid into a host .
- Let the bacteria divide and then produce the protein.
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What is the name of the small circles of DNA that are genetically modified in bacteria?
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