Welcome to the Quiz!
This quiz contains 10 questions from a mix of 1 subtopics.
What are epigenetic changes?
changes in the DNA sequence that alter gene expression
chemical modifications to DNA or DNA-binding proteins that change the DNA sequence
changes in the DNA sequence that do not alter gene expression
chemical modifications to DNA or DNA-binding proteins that do not change the DNA sequence
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How do epigenetic markers affect gene expression?
by increasing the production of transcription factors
by altering the chromatin structure's tightness
by destroying messenger RNA before translation
by directly changing the DNA sequence
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What happens when DNA methylation increases?
chromatin condenses, and genes are silenced
chromatin loosens, and genes are expressed
messenger RNA is destroyed before translation
transcription factors bind more easily to DNA
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What is the effect of decreased histone acetylation on chromatin and gene expression?
chromatin loosens, and genes are expressed
messenger RNA is destroyed before translation
transcription factors bind more easily to DNA
chromatin condenses, and genes are silenced
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Which of the following statements about the inheritance of epigenetic patterns is true?
both DNA sequences and some epigenetic marks can be inherited between generations
DNA sequences are inherited directly from parents, but epigenetic marks cannot be inherited
epigenetic marks are inherited directly from parents, but DNA sequences cannot be inherited
neither DNA sequences nor epigenetic marks can be inherited between generations
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What is RNA interference?
a process where small RNA molecules alter the DNA sequence to change gene expression
a process where small RNA molecules inhibit gene expression by destroying mRNA before translation
a process where small RNA molecules enhance gene expression by protecting mRNA
a process where small RNA molecules modify histones to change gene expression
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What is the role of small interfering RNA (siRNA) in RNA interference?
it protects mRNA from being destroyed by enzymes
it directly alters the DNA sequence to change gene expression
it guides enzymes to mRNA, pairing bases with mRNA and allowing the enzymes to cut mRNA
it modifies histones to change gene expression
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What is the epigenome?
the protein sequence of an organism
the DNA sequence of an organism
a layer of chemical tags that cover the cell membrane
a layer of chemical tags that cover the DNA-histone complex
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How does the epigenome affect gene expression?
by modifying the shape of the DNA-histone complex to either compact genes or make them accessible
by destroying messenger RNA before translation
by directly altering the DNA sequence to change gene expression
by increasing the production of transcription factors
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What is the relationship between DNA and histone proteins in the formation of chromatin?
DNA and histone proteins do not interact in the formation of chromatin
positively charged DNA wraps around negatively charged histone proteins
DNA and histone proteins are both positively charged and repel each other
negatively charged DNA wraps around positively charged histone proteins
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