Welcome to the Quiz!
This quiz contains 10 questions from a mix of 1 subtopics.
What is the process of adding methyl groups to DNA, affecting gene expression, called?
translation
methylation
transcription
replication
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Which pattern of methylation is associated with the inactivation of tumour suppressor genes?
demethylation
unmethylation
hypomethylation
hypermethylation
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What are the masses of cells that result from unrestrained cell division called?
lesions
tumours
polyps
cysts
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Which type of tumour is generally not life-threatening but can impact organ function?
secondary tumour
malignant tumour
primary tumour
benign tumour
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What is the term for the spread of primary tumours to other regions of the body?
angiogenesis
migration
invasion
metastasis
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Which type of genes, when mutated, can prevent the production of proteins that normally regulate cell division, DNA repair, and apoptosis?
proto-oncogenes
tumour suppressor genes
growth factor genes
oncogenes
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What is the term for proto-oncogenes that have been activated by mutations or excessive growth factor production?
mutated genes
oncogenes
cancer genes
tumour suppressor genes
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Which pattern of methylation leads to the activation of proto-oncogenes as oncogenes?
demethylation
hypomethylation
unmethylation
hypermethylation
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of benign tumours?
irregular spread into surrounding tissue
retention of functions
slow growth
cellular appearance similar to normal cells
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Which of the following is a distinctive feature of tumour cells compared to normal cells?
(Select all that apply)
irregular shape
large, dark nuclei
altered protein production
respond normally to growth signals
display the same surface antigens as healthy cells
always have one nucleus
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