Welcome to the Quiz!
This quiz contains 12 questions from a mix of 1 subtopics.
What is the process of deliberately manipulating genetic material to modify an organism's characteristics called?
cloning
genetic engineering
selective breeding
replication
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Which of the following is NOT a key stage in gene transfer?
removing the gene from the transgenic organism
inserting the gene into a vector
identifying and isolating the desired gene
making multiple copies of the gene using PCR
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What enzyme is used to produce complementary DNA (cDNA) from mRNA templates?
restriction endonuclease
DNA polymerase
RNA polymerase
reverse transcriptase
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What are the short overhangs of unpaired bases on cut DNA called?
palindromic sequences
complementary ends
sticky ends
blunt ends
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Which of the following is true about restriction enzymes?
they are used to synthesise custom DNA sequences
they are used to amplify DNA fragments
they recognise and cut DNA at specific palindromic nucleotide sequences
they are used to reverse transcribe mRNA into cDNA
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What is the primary advantage of using mRNA to produce cDNA compared to extracting DNA directly from cells?
mRNA is more stable than DNA
mRNA contains more copies of the desired gene than DNA
mRNA is easier to extract from cells than DNA
mRNA can be directly inserted into vectors
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What is the role of DNA polymerase in the production of cDNA?
it reverse transcribes mRNA into cDNA
it forms the complementary strand to cDNA
it inserts the cDNA into a vector
it amplifies the cDNA
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What are palindromic sequences in DNA?
sequences that code for the same amino acid
sequences that are recognised by DNA polymerase
sequences that are complementary to mRNA
sequences that read the same in opposite directions on antiparallel strands
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Which of the following is NOT a step in the process of synthesising custom DNA using gene machines?
joining the oligonucleotides together to form the desired gene
removing the custom DNA from host cells
using a computer to direct the synthesis of oligonucleotides
choosing codons for the desired amino acid sequence
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What is the primary role of vectors in gene transfer?
to express the transferred gene and produce the encoded protein
to make multiple copies of the gene
to deliver the gene into cells
to identify and isolate the desired gene
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Which of the following is true about transgenic organisms?
they contain DNA fragments from another organism
they are always genetically identical to the donor organism
they cannot express transferred genes due to the specificity of the genetic code
they are created through selective breeding
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Describe the key stages in the process of gene transfer.
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