What factors affect the resistance of a wire at constant temperature?

  1. Length
  2. Cross-sectional area
  3. Resistivity

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What is meant by the term 'resistivity'?

Resistivity is defined as the resistance of a 1 m length of a conductor with a cross sectional area of 1m2.

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What is the formula that links resistivity (ρ\rho), resistance (R), area (A), and length (l)?

ρ = lRA


ρ\rho = resistivity (Ω\Omegam)

R = resistance (Ω\Omega)

A = Area (m2)

l = length (m) 

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How does resistivity of a metal vary with temperature?

As temperature increases the resistivity of a metal increases.

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What is the resistivity of a superconductor below the critical temperature?

Zero

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What happens to the resistance of a wire as the length is increased?

The resistance increases.

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What happens to the resistance of a wire as the cross-sectional area is increased but all other factors are kept the same?

The resistance decreases.

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