When is the potential energy of a pendulum equal to zero?

At zero displacement.

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When is the kinetic energy of a simple pendulum greatest?

As the pendulum passes through the equilibrium point.

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What is the relationship between the total energy of a simple pendulum (Etotal), kinetic energy (Ek), and the potential energy (Ep)?

Etotal​ = Ek​ + Ep​


Etotal = total energy of system (J)

Ek = kinetic energy of pendulum (J)

Ep = potential energy of pendulum (J)

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When is the kinetic energy of an oscillating mass spring system minimum?

At maximum displacement the kinetic energy is equal to zero.

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What is the formula linking maximum kinetic energy (Ek), spring constant (k), mass (m), angular velocity (ω\omega), and amplitude (A)?

Ek​ = 21​ m (ωA)2


Ek = maximum kinetic energy (J)

m = mass (kg)

ω\omega = angular velocity (rad s-1)

A = amplitude (m) 

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In real life a simple pendulum loses energy as it oscillates.

List some ways the pendulum can lose energy.

  1. air resistance on the pendulum bob
  2. friction at the pivot

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When is the potential energy of a simple pendulum the greatest?

At maximum displacement.

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What is the potential energy of an oscillating mass-spring system as it passes through the equilibrium point?

Zero

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