What is a photon?

A photon is a discrete particle of electromagnetic radiation.

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What is the equation linking photon energy (E), Plank's constant (h), and frequency (f)?

E = h × f


E = photon energy (J)

h = Plank's constant = 6.63 x 10-34 Js

f = frequency (Hz)

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What is the relationship between photon energy and frequency?

Photon energy is directly proportional to frequency.

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How do we convert from joules to electron-volts?

Divide the energy in Joules by the charge on an electron (1.6 x 10-19). 

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What speed do photons travel at?

Photons travel at the speed of light in a vacuum (3 x 108 ms-1).

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What is the formula linking photon energy (E) and wavelength (λ\lambda)?

E = λh x c


E = photon energy (J)

h = Plank's constant = 6.63 x 10-34 Js

c = speed of light in a vacuum = 3 x 108 ms-1

λ = wavelength (m)

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What is the formula linking photon momentum (p), energy (E) and speed of light (c)?

p = cE


p = photon momentum (kg ms-1)

E = energy (J)

c = speed of light (ms-1)

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