Outline how fossil fuel and nuclear power stations work.
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What is the national grid?
The national grid is the network of transformers, pylons, and wires, that link power stations to consumers.
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What does a step-up transformer do?
Step-up transformers are used to increase the voltage and decrease the current of electricity.
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What does a step-down transformer do?
Step-down transformers are used to decrease the voltage and increase the current of electricity.
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To minimise energy loss during transmission, should current be high or low? Why?
Current should be as low as possible during transmission to minimise energy loss.
High currents cause the wire to heat up, meaning that more energy is lost as heat to the surroundings.
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What time of day is electricity demand usually highest?
Late in the afternoon & early evening.
This is when everyone gets home from work and starts cooking, watching TV etc.
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What is the voltage of electricity as it is transmitted across the national grid?
~ 400,000 volts
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