What does the [M+1]+ peak represent?

The M+1 peak represents ions that are one mass unit higher than the molecular ion.


The M+1 peak typically occurs due to the presence of carbon-13 isotopes.

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What information can be obtained from a mass spectrum?

A mass spectrum can provide information about the molecular mass, structure, and isotopic abundance of a molecule.

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What do the axes of a mass spectrum represent?

 The x-axis represents the mass to charge (m/z) ratio of ions.

The y-axis represents the relative intensity or abundance of ions, often expressed as a percentage.

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What is a molecular ion?

The molecular ion (M+) is the positive ion formed when a molecule loses an electron.

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What is fragmentation in the context of mass spectrometry?

Fragmentation is the process where molecular ions break apart into smaller ions known as fragment ions.

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How can you identify the relative molecular mass of a molecule from its mass spectrum?

The relative molecular mass of a molecule corresponds to the m/z value of the molecular ion (M) peak which is the peak at the highest m/z value.

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What is the significance of the fragmentation peaks in a mass spectrum?

Fragmentation peaks are unique to each compound, indicating different ways molecules fragment based on their structures. They help in identifying molecules.

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What is the equation used to calculate the number of carbon atoms (n) in any organic compound?

n =1.1100× abundance of M+ ion abundance of [M+1]+ ion

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Can two molecules with the same molecular mass have different mass spectra?

Yes, even if two molecules have the same molecular mass, their fragmentation patterns may be different, leading to different mass spectra.

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How can the [M+2]+ peak be used to identify bromine atoms in a compound?

If the [M+2]+ peak is about the same height as the M+ peak, it suggests the presence of one bromine atom per molecule.

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How can the [M+2]+ peak be used to identify chlorine atoms in a compound?

If the [M+2]+ peak is about one-third of the height of the M+ peak, it suggests the presence of one chlorine atom per molecule.

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