Explain the concept of a conjugate acid-base pair.
A conjugate acid-base pair contains two species that can be interconverted by transfer of a proton.
In the forward direction, an acid releases a proton to form its conjugate base.
In the reverse direction, the conjugate base accepts a proton to form its conjugate acid.
The conjugate pairs, for the equilibrium between HCl and H2O to form H3O+ and Cl- ions are:
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What is the formula of the hydronium ion?
H3O+
The hydronium ion is also called the oxonium ion or hydroxonium ion.
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What is the formula for the ionic product of water (Kw)?
Kw = [H+(aq)][OH-(aq)]
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Name and give the formulae of the conjugate acid of water.
The conjugate acid of water is the hydronium ion, H3O+.
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Name and give the formulae of the conjugate base of water.
The conjugate base of water is the hydroxide ion, OH-.
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