Explain in a sentence what the term ‘percentage yield’ means.

‘The actual yield of a reaction compared to the maximum theoretical yield’.


Or:


'Percentage yield is a measure of how much product you actually produced, compared with how much you thought you should produce based on your calculations'. 

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What is the formula for percentage yield?

% yield = (actual yield ÷ theoretical yield) x 100

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Suggest 3 reasons why the percentage yield of a chemical reaction may be less than 100%.

  1. The reactants may not all react (e.g. because the reaction is very slow or reaches equilibrium).
  2. There may be side reactions, meaning that other products are produced instead.
  3. Some of the products may be lost (e.g. gases may float off, or some solids may be left on the filter paper).

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