What 3 types of substances can covalent bonds make?

  1. Polymers.
  2. Giant covalent structures.
  3. Simple molecular substances.

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Are covalent bonds or intermolecular forces stronger?

Covalent bonds are much stronger.

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What is a polymer?

A polymer is a large molecule, made up of lots of smaller units. These smaller units are called monomers.

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What is a giant covalent structure?

A structure in which all the atoms are bonded to each other by strong covalent bonds.

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Give 3 examples of giant covalent structures.

Diamond, graphite, silicon dioxide.

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What is a simple molecular substance?

Substances that consist of small molecules, such as a Cl2, O2, and H2O.

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Describe the bonding in simple molecular substances.

There are strong covalent bonds between the atoms of each molecule, but weak intermolecular forces between the different molecules.

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Why do simple molecular substances have low melting and boiling points?

Although the strong covalent bonds between the atoms are very strong, the intermolecular forces between the molecules are weak, so only require a small amount of energy to break.

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