What is a reversible reaction?

A reaction which can go both forwards and backwards.

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During a reversible reaction, what happens as the reaction progresses and the reactants react?

  1. The concentrations of reactants fall.
  2. The forward reaction slows down.
  3. The concentrations of products rise.
  4. The backwards reaction speeds up.

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When is a system 'at equilibrium'?

When the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the backward reaction.

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What is a dynamic equilibrium?

Where both the forward and backward reactions are happening, but there is no overall affect, because they are at the same rate - product is breaking down just as quickly as it is being formed, so there is no overall change in the concentrations of the reactants or products.

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What condition is required for a reaction to reach equilibrium?

The reaction must take place in a closed system (where nothing can enter or leave).

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What does it mean if the position of equilibrium lies to the right?

The concentration of the products is greater than the concentration of the reactants.

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What does it mean if the position of equilibrium lies to the left?

The concentration of the reactants is greater than the concentration of the products.

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Does equilibrium mean the concentration of products and reactants are equal?

No.


An equilibrium may lie to the left or the right, and that tells us which has the greater concentration.

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What 3 factors alter the position of equilibrium?

  1. Temperature.
  2. Pressure (only affects gases).
  3. Concentration of reactants and products.

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