Which 2 different functional groups are present in all amino acids?

1Amino group (NH2).


2Carboxyl group (COOH).

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How are polypeptides made?

Condensation polymerisation between amino acids.

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What are one (or more) long chains of polypeptides known as?

Proteins.

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What does DNA stand for?

Deoxyribonucleic acid.

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What is DNA made of?

2 polymer chains (each made of monomers called nucleotides) wrapped around each other in the shape of a double helix.

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What are sugars?

Sugars are small molecules containing:


1Carbon

2Oxygen

3Hydrogen

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What do multiple sugars form when combined together?

Sugars can form larger carbohydrate polymers (also known as polysaccharides), via polymerisation reactions.

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What are some examples of naturally occurring polymers?

  1. Proteins.
  2. DNA.
  3. Polypeptides.

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