What do oxidation numbers indicate?

The number of electrons an atom has gained or lost, and its state of oxidation or reduction.

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What is the oxidation number of an uncombined element?

0

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What is the usual oxidation number for oxygen?

-2, except in peroxides where it's -1.

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How do you find the oxidation number of a monatomic ion?

It is equal to its charge.

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What is the oxidation number of hydrogen usually?

+1, but -1 in metal hydrides.

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What happens to the oxidation number during oxidation?

It increases.

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What happens to the oxidation number during reduction?

It decreases.

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What is an reducing agent?

A substance that promotes reduction of others, becoming oxidised itself.

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What colour change indicates KMnO4 acting as an oxidising agent?

From purple to colourless.

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What colour change indicates KI acting as a reducing agent?

From colourless to brown.

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