Describe the Earth's atmosphere.
The Earth's atmosphere consists of Nitrogen (78%), Oxygen (21%), Carbon dioxide (0.04%) and small amounts of other gases like water vapour and noble gases.
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Describe how human activities are increasing carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere.
1. Burning fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
2. Deforestation means less carbon dioxide is removed from the atmosphere by photosynthesis.
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What is the role of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere?
Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas that traps heat energy in the atmosphere.
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Explain how an increase in carbon dioxide concentration affects the climate.
Increasing concentrations of carbon dioxide causes more heat energy to be retained rather than lost into space.
This leads to an increase in the Earth's temperature, known as global warming, which is a type of climate change.
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What is global warming?
The increase in the Earth's temperature due to the increased concentration of greenhouse gases is called global warming.
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What are some effects of climate change?
1. Melting of glaciers and ice sheets, causing sea levels to rise.
2. Changes to rainfall patterns, making crop growth more difficult for farmers.
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