What are monoclonal antibodies?

Monoclonal antibodies are those that are produced from a single clone of plasma cells that are identical to one another.

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What is the purpose of monoclonal antibodies in disease diagnosis?

Monoclonal antibodies bind to specific cell types and identify infected or abnormal cells.

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How are monoclonal antibodies used in treatment of disease?

Monoclonal antibodies bind to specific cells and bring therapeutic drugs with them.

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What is the role of monoclonal antibodies in pregnancy testing?

Monoclonal antibodies bind to the pregnancy hormone (hCG) in home pregnancy testing kits.

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How are hybridoma cells produced?

Hybridoma cells are produced by fusing plasma cells with cancer cells to create hybrid cells that divide by mitosis and secrete antibodies.

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Describe the steps for producing monoclonal antibodies using the hybridoma method.

  1. Inject mouse with antigen.
  2. Extract plasma cells that secrete the antibody specific to this antigen.
  3. Culture myeloma cells and extract tumour cells.
  4. Mix plasma and tumour cells.
  5. Screen for desired antibodies, isolate and culture hybridoma cells.

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