How is DNA organised into chromosomes?

DNA is wrapped around histones to form a DNA-histone complex, which then coils further to form a chromosome.

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What is a gene?

A gene is a short section of DNA that codes for a protein.

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What is the difference between introns and exons?

Introns are non-coding regions that do not code for amino acids, whereas exons are coding regions that do code for amino acids.

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What is a locus?

A locus is a specific position along a chromosome where a gene is located.

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What is the genetic code?

The genetic code is the sequence of bases that code for amino acids.

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What is a triplet?

A triplet is a sequence of 3 DNA bases that code for a single amino acid.

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Why is the genetic code universal?

The genetic code is universal because each DNA triplet codes for the same amino acid in all organisms (with a few exceptions).

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Why is the genetic code described as being non-overlapping?

The genetic code is described as being non-overlapping because each base in the DNA sequence is only read once.

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Why is the genetic code degenerate?

The genetic code is degenerate because most amino acids are coded for by more than one triplet. 

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