How is DNA organised into chromosomes?

DNA is wrapped around histones to form a DNA-histone complex, which then coils further to form a chromosome.

Answer in your head, out loud, or on paper, then tap the card to flip.

What are the differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic DNA?

  1. Eukaryotic DNA is stored in the nucleus, prokaryotic DNA is stored in the cytoplasm.
  2. Eukaryotic DNA is longer than prokaryotic DNA.
  3. Eukaryotic DNA is linear, prokaryotic DNA is circular. 
  4. Eukaryotic DNA is associated with histones, prokaryotic DNA is not. 
  5. Eukaryotic DNA contains introns, prokaryotic DNA does not.

Answer in your head, out loud, or on paper, then tap the card to flip.

Other than the nucleus, which eukaryotic organelles contain DNA?

Mitochondria and chloroplasts also contain DNA.

Answer in your head, out loud, or on paper, then tap the card to flip.

Describe the structure of DNA inside mitochondria and chloroplasts.

DNA inside mitochondria and chloroplasts is short, circular, and not associated with histones.

Answer in your head, out loud, or on paper, then tap the card to flip.

What is a gene?

A gene is a short section of DNA that codes for a protein.

Answer in your head, out loud, or on paper, then tap the card to flip.

What is the difference between introns and exons?

Introns are non-coding regions that do not code for amino acids, whereas exons are coding regions that do code for amino acids.

Answer in your head, out loud, or on paper, then tap the card to flip.

What is a locus?

A locus is a specific position along a chromosome where a gene is located.

Answer in your head, out loud, or on paper, then tap the card to flip.

What is the difference between a genome and a proteome?

A genome is the complete set of genes within a cell, whereas a proteome is the full range of proteins that a cell is capable of producing.

Answer in your head, out loud, or on paper, then tap the card to flip.

What is the genetic code?

The genetic code is the sequence of bases that code for amino acids.

Answer in your head, out loud, or on paper, then tap the card to flip.

What is a triplet?

A triplet is a sequence of 3 DNA bases that code for a single amino acid.

Answer in your head, out loud, or on paper, then tap the card to flip.

Why is the genetic code universal?

The genetic code is universal because each DNA triplet codes for the same amino acid in all organisms (with a few exceptions).

Answer in your head, out loud, or on paper, then tap the card to flip.

Why is the genetic code described as being non-overlapping?

The genetic code is described as being non-overlapping because each base in the DNA sequence is only read once.

Answer in your head, out loud, or on paper, then tap the card to flip.

Why is the genetic code degenerate?

The genetic code is degenerate because most amino acids are coded for by more than one triplet. 

Answer in your head, out loud, or on paper, then tap the card to flip.