6CO₂ (carbon dioxide) + 6H₂O (water) + light energy ➔ C₆H₁₂O₆ (glucose) + 6O₂ (oxygen)

The light energy required for photosynthesis is usually supplied by the sun.

1. Capturing of light energy by pigments such as chlorophyll
2. The light-dependent reaction, where light energy is converted into chemical energy
3. The light-independent reaction, where sugars and other organic molecules are produced

ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is a molecule that stores and releases energy for various cellular processes.

The products of photosynthesis, glucose and oxygen, can be used as reactants in respiration to synthesise ATP.

The products of respiration, carbon dioxide and water, can then be used as reactants in photosynthesis.

1. Large surface area - to absorb sunlight
2. Minimal overlapping - to avoid shadowing
3. Thin - to keep diffusion distance short
4. Transparent cuticle and epidermis - to allow light to enter the leaves
5. Chloroplast-packed mesophyll cells - to carry out photosynthesis
6. Stomata - for gas exchange, like taking in carbon dioxide for photosynthesis
7. Xylem and phloem - to transport reactants and products of photosynthesis between the leaves and the rest of the plant