How do specific defence mechanisms differ from non-specific defence mechanisms?

Specific defence mechanisms are slower than non-specific defences, but they produce a unique response for each type of pathogen and provide long-term immunity.

Answer in your head, out loud, or on paper, then tap the card to flip.

Where in the body do T cells mature?

T cells mature in the thymus gland. 

Answer in your head, out loud, or on paper, then tap the card to flip.

Where in the body do B cells mature?

B cells mature in the bone marrow.

Answer in your head, out loud, or on paper, then tap the card to flip.

Which part of the specific immune response involves T lymphocytes?

T lymphocytes, or T cells, are involved in the cellular response of the specific immune response.

Answer in your head, out loud, or on paper, then tap the card to flip.

Which part of the specific immune response involves B lymphocytes?

B lymphocytes, or B cells, are involved in the humoral response of the specific immune response.

Answer in your head, out loud, or on paper, then tap the card to flip.

What is the function of helper T cells?

Helper T cells bind to antigen-presenting cells and can form memory cells, stimulate B cells or phagocytes, and activate cytotoxic T cells.

Answer in your head, out loud, or on paper, then tap the card to flip.

What is the role of cytotoxic T cells?

Cytotoxic T cells kill infected or abnormal cells.

Answer in your head, out loud, or on paper, then tap the card to flip.

What is the cellular response?

The cellular response is the specific immune response that occurs when T cells respond to antigens presented on body cells.

Answer in your head, out loud, or on paper, then tap the card to flip.

What are the different functions of cloned T cells?

  1. Develop into memory cells 
  2. Stimulate phagocytosis
  3. Stimulate division of B cells
  4. Activate cytotoxic T cells

Answer in your head, out loud, or on paper, then tap the card to flip.

What are antigen-presenting cells? 

Antigen-presenting cells are cells (usually phagocytes) that display a pathogen's antigens on their cell surface.

Answer in your head, out loud, or on paper, then tap the card to flip.

Describe the steps involved in the cellular response to pathogens. 

  1. Phagocytes engulf pathogens and display their antigens on the cell-surface. 
  2. Helper T cells with complementary receptors bind to these antigens. 
  3. This activates the T cell to divide by mitosis to form genetically identical clones. 
  4. These clones can carry out different functions. 

Answer in your head, out loud, or on paper, then tap the card to flip.