What does ATP stand for?

ATP stands for adenosine triphosphate.

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What 3 parts does a molecule of ATP consist of?

ATP consists of:

  1. Adenine
  2. Ribose
  3. 3 phosphate groups 

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What are some uses of ATP in the body?

  1. Movement
  2. Active transport
  3. Synthesis of large molecules
  4. Secretion of substances

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How does ATP activate other molecules?

ATP can activate other molecules by phosphorylating them where a phosphate group is added to the molecule. 

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How is ATP broken down?

ATP is broken down by the enzyme ATP hydrolase in a hydrolysis reaction. Water is added to ATP to break it down into ADP and Pi, releasing energy at the same time. 

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What type of reaction resynthesises ATP?

A condensation reaction resynthesises ATP.

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What is released during the condensation reaction to reform ATP?

A water molecule is released.

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What enzyme catalyses the resynthesis of ATP?

ATP synthase catalyses the synthesis of ATP.

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What can the inorganic phosphate (Pi) from ATP hydrolysis do?

Phosphorylate other compounds, making them more reactive.

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What are the characteristics of ATP that allow it to be used as an immediate energy source?

  1. Releases a small amount of energy 
  2. Broken down in one step
  3. Rapidly resynthesised
  4. Inorganic phosphate can phosphorylate other compounds
  5. Unstable bonds
  6. Soluble

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What is hydrolysis?

The addition of water to break a chemical bond.

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What is condensation?

The removal of water to form a chemical bond.

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What are the products of ATP hydrolysis?

The products are adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and inorganic phosphate (Pi).

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What enzyme catalyses the hydrolysis of ATP?

Hydrolysis of ATP is catalysed by ATP hydrolase.

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