Name the major blood vessels that enter and leave the kidneys and state their functions.

Renal artery - transports oxygenated blood to the kidneys

Renal vein - transports deoxygenated blood away from the kidneys

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Name the major vessels that enter and leave the heart, what they transport, and where they transport it to.

  1. Pulmonary veins - transport oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart
  2. Pulmonary arteries - transport deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs
  3. Aorta - transports oxygenated blood from the heart to the body
  4. Vena cava - transports deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart

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What do we mean by systemic circulation and pulmonary circulation?

  1. Systemic circulation transports blood between the heart and the body cells
  2. Pulmonary circulation transports blood between the heart and the lungs

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Which factors increase an organism's need for a circulatory system with a pumping mechanism?

  1. Large size
  2. Low surface area to volume ratio
  3. High metabolic activity

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Why do large, complex organisms require transport systems?

Large organisms tend to have a small surface area to volume ratio, so diffusion is too slow to transport required materials.

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