What does HIV stand for?

HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus. 

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Describe the structure of HIV's genetic material. 

HIV contains 2 single strands of RNA.

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Which enzyme converts RNA into DNA?

Reverse transcriptase converts RNA into DNA.

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Which type of cell does HIV use as a host cell? 

HIV uses helper T cells as host cells. 

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What is the function of attachment proteins in HIV replication?

Attachment proteins attach to receptors on helper T cells to initiate the replication process.

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After a HIV particle binds to a helper T cell, what does it release into the cell? 

After binding, HIV releases its RNA into the cell. 

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What are the steps of HIV replication?

  1. Attachment proteins attach to receptors on a helper T cell. 
  2. HIV releases its RNA into the cell. 
  3. Reverse transcriptase converts this RNA into DNA. 
  4. This viral DNA is inserted into the cell's genome. 
  5. The DNA is translated to make viral proteins. 
  6. Proteins are used to assemble new HIV particles that can then leave the cell. 

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What is the latency period of HIV?

The latency period is the period where the replication of HIV drops to a lower level and the infected individual does not experience symptoms.

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Why does the decrease in helper T cells lead to AIDS?

Without enough helper T cells, the immune system cannot produce an immune response, leaving the individual vulnerable to other infections.

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What causes the eventual death of individuals infected with HIV?

The eventual death is caused by other infections rather than the virus itself.

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