Which two structures make up the central nervous system (CNS)?

  1. Brain.


  1. Spinal cord.

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Which part of the brain is indicated by A?

Cerebral cortex

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What is the role of the cerebral cortex?

The cerebral cortex is responsible for the higher-level processes of the human brain, including: language, memory, reasoning, thought, learning, decision-making, emotion, intelligence, and personality.


(You don't have to remember all of these examples)

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Which part of the brain is indicated by E?

Cerebellum

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What is the role of the cerebellum?

The cerebellum is responsible for maintaining your balance and posture.

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Which part of the brain is indicated by C?


(it exists within the brain stem)

Medulla

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What is the role of the medulla?

The medulla is responsible for controlling automatic processes like your heart rate, breathing, and blood pressure.

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Which part of the brain is indicated by D?

Pituitary gland

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Which part of the brain is indicated by F?

Hypothalamus

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What is the role of the hypothalamus?

The hypothalamus has a role in homeostasis, such as regulating our temperature and water levels.

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Give 3 ways scientists can study the brain.

  1. Study people with brain damage.


  1. Electrically stimulate different parts of the brain.


  1. Scan the brain, using CT, PET, MRI, or fMRI scanners.

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Give 3 reasons why treating the brain is so difficult.

  1. There is a huge range of things that can go wrong, from mental illness to infection.


  1. It is encased within the skull, so is hard to access.


  1. It is very complicated, so hard to target with medications.

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