What is selective breeding?
Selective breeding (also called artificial selection) is the process by which humans use animal or plant breeding to selectively develop particular characteristics by choosing which males and females will sexually reproduce and have offspring together.
Remember that selective breeding can apply to both animals and plants, as both can reproduce sexually.
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Describe how the process of selective breeding could be used to increase the yield of tomato plants.
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Give 3 examples of traits that might be selectively bred for in plants or animals.
In animals:
1Improved yield of meat or milk.
2Desirable size, fur colour, level of aggression.
In plants:
1Colour of flowers.
2Drought resistance.
3Improved yield of fruits, grains, and vegetables.
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What effect does selective breeding usually have on variation within a population?
Selective breeding normally decreases the variation within a population.
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What is inbreeding?
Inbreeding is the process of mating together closely related individuals.
For example, mating two dogs that are from the same litter.
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Give 3 drawbacks of inbreeding.
1It reduces the size of the gene pool.
2Rare inherited diseases are more likely to be expressed.
3The population as a whole will be more at risk of disease.
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