Summarise transcription in a single sentence. 

Transcription is the process of copying of a single gene of DNA to mRNA.

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Where does transcription take place?

Transcription takes place in the nucleus.

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Give 3 ways mRNA is different to DNA.

  1. mRNA is shorter than DNA.
  2. mRNA is single-stranded, whereas DNA is double-stranded.
  3. mRNA contains uracil (U), where DNA contains thymine (T).

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Where does mRNA go once it has been transcribed? 

It goes to a ribosome.

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Summarise translation in a single sentence. 

Translation is the process by which a ribosome combines amino acids together to form a protein, using the 'instructions' of mRNA. 

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How many bases are needed to code for one amino acid?

3

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What is the function of a ribosome?

To carry out protein synthesis (assemble amino acids to form a protein). 

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What is a polypeptide?

A polypeptide is a chain of amino acids.

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