Where in the leaf are stomata found? 

Stomata are found in the lower epidermis.

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What is meristem tissue?

Meristem tissue is made up of plant stem cells.

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Where is meristem tissue found?

In the growing tips of shoots and roots.

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Which structures help to minimise water loss?

1Waxy cuticle which is impermeable to water.


2Guard cells which can close stomata.

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Why is the upper epidermis transparent?

To allow light to pass through and reach the palisade mesophyll cells - which is where photosynthesis happens. 

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Is the leaf an organ system, organ, tissue, or cell?

The leaf is an organ.

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Is the spongy mesophyll an organ system, organ, tissue, or cell?

The spongy mesophyll is a tissue.

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Is a guard cell an organ system, organ, tissue, or cell?

A cell.

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Why does the spongy mesophyll layer have so many air gaps?

To allow carbon dioxide to diffuse from the stomata to the palisade mesophyll cells. 

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How does the level of water in the plant affect the opening and closing of stomata?

When there is plenty of water in the plant, the guard cells become turgid, which opens the stomata.


When there is not very much water in the plant, the guard cells become flaccid, which closes the stomata. 

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Which part of the leaf is indicated in the diagram above?

Waxy cuticle.

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Which part of the leaf is indicated in the diagram above?

Guard cells.

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What name is given to the openings indicated in the diagram above?

Stomata.

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Which part of the leaf is indicated on the diagram above?

Lower epidermis.

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Which part of the leaf is indicated on the diagram above?

Palisade mesophyll layer.

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Which part of the leaf is indicated on the diagram above?

Spongy mesophyll layer.

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Which part of the leaf is indicated on the diagram above?

Upper epidermis.

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