What is vaccination, and how does it work?
Vaccination is method of artificially inducing immunity, so that we can become immune to a pathogen without getting ill.
Vaccines contain small quantities of dead, weakened, or inactive forms of a pathogen that are injected into the body to stimulate the white blood cells to produce antibodies. If the same pathogen re-enters the body, the white blood cells respond quickly to produce the correct antibodies, preventing disease.
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How does being vaccinated benefit the individual who is vaccinated?
It means they are much less likely to catch that disease, as the vaccination has given them immunity.
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How does vaccinating a large proportion of the population help the people who didn't get vaccinated?
Widespread vaccination can result in herd immunity, which help prevent outbreaks of disease.
This means the disease is very unlikely to spread from an infected person to someone who is not vaccinated, because almost everyone else is vaccinated.
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Give 3 drawbacks of vaccinations.
1They don't always give full immunity to the disease.
2They can cause mild symptoms such as fever or a sore arm.
3They can, in very rare cases, cause severe reactions such as seizures.
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