What are biological molecules?

Biological molecules are molecules found in living organisms, and are produced by cells.

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What are nutrients?

Nutrients are substances that are needed for growth, repair, and metabolism.

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Which 3 biological molecules make up the majority of our diet (other than water)?

Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids.

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Which 3 elements are carbohydrates made from?

Carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen.

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Use the terms monomer and polymer to explain the difference between simple sugars and complex carbohydrates. 

Complex carbohydrates are large molecules, made up of lots of individual smaller molecules called simple sugars.


Complex carbohydrates are polymers, while simple sugars are monomers.

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Name an example of a simple sugar.

Glucose.


(Other correct answers: fructose or galactose).

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Name 2 complex carbohydrates.

Glycogen and starch. 

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Where in the body are the carbohydrates in our diet broken down?

Mouth and small intestines.

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Use the terms monomer and polymer to explain what a protein is.

Proteins are made up of long chains of amino acids bonded together. A protein is a polymer, and the amino acids it is made from are the monomers.

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Proteins are mainly made from carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and which other element? 

Nitrogen.

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Where in the body are the proteins in our diet broken down?

Stomach and small intestines.

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What is the structure of a lipid?

Lipids contain a single glycerol molecule attached to three fatty acid molecules.

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Which 3 elements are lipids made from?

Carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen.

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Are lipids polymers?

No, lipids are not polymers, because they aren't formed from long chains of monomers

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Where in the body are the lipids in our diet broken down?

Small intestines.

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