The main parts of a flower involved in reproduction are:

1. Stamens (male parts) - consist of anthers and filaments
2. Carpels (female parts) - contain the stigma, style, and ovary

Anthers produce pollen grains that contain male sex cells.

The filament holds the anthers.

The ovary contains the female sex cells within ovules.

The style holds the stigma.

The stigma receives the pollen during pollination.

Pollination is the transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma.

This is necessary for seeds to form as male and female sex cells must join.

The two types of pollination are:

1. Self-pollination - Pollen moves from anther to stigma on the same plant.
2. Cross-pollination - Pollen is transferred between different plants by insects or wind.

Flowers adapted to insect pollination typically have:

1. Bright, colourful petals
2. Scent and nectar to attract and reward insects
3. A sticky stigma that captures pollen from insects

Flowers adapted to wind pollination typically have:

1. Small, dull petals
2. No scent or nectar
3. Long filaments to expose anthers containing pollen
4. A feathery stigma that catches wind-blown pollen