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Question 1
A student is investigating the path light takes as it enters a glass block. |
a) | Complete the ray of light to show the light entering the glass block.
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b) | State the piece of equipment the student should use to measure the angle of incidence and the angle of refraction.
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c) | The student measures the angle of incidence to be 35°. Which of the following could be the angle of refraction? A 35° B 45° C 57° D 20°
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d) | The refractive index of the glass block is 1.55. Calculate the angle of refraction when the angle of incidence is 40°.
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Question 2
A student is investigating the properties of light. They shine a thin beam of light at a plane mirror. |
a) | State what happens to the light when it is incident on the plane mirror.
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b) | The student measures the angles of incidence and reflection for her investigation. The student has incorrectly measured one of the angles. State which of the students results is anomalous.
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c) | Calculate the average angle of reflection for each angle of incidence.
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d) | State the law of reflection.
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Question 3
A student is investigating the path of light as it travels from air into glass. The student uses a ray box with a thin slit to shine a narrow beam of light at the glass block. |
a) | State the name of the piece of apparatus used to measure the angle of incidence and angle of refraction.
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b) | On the diagram below, label the angle of incidence, i, and the angle of refraction, r.
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c) | The student plots a graph of the angle of incidence against the angle of refraction. Draw a line of best fit and use it to estimate the angle of refraction when the angle of incidence is 35°.
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d) | State the angle of refraction when the angle of incidence was 40°.
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e) | State the equation linking refractive index, angle of incidence and angle of refraction.
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f) | Calculate the refractive index of the glass block.
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Question 4
A student is investigating the path of light through a transparent block. The table below shows the student's data. |
a) | Describe a method the student could use to obtain the results in the table above.
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b) | The student plots a graph of sin( i ) against sin( r ). Calculate the refractive index of the block using data from the table below.
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Question 5
This question is about refraction. The diagram shows the path of light hitting the water-air boundary at the critical angle. |
a) | Draw the ray of light after it hits the boundary.
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b) | State the formula linking critical angle and refractive index.
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c) | The refractive index of water is 1.33. Calculate the critical angle for the water-air boundary.
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d) | The water is replaced with oil. The diagram below shows the path the light took through the oil. The angle of incidence has not changed. Explain why the light has taken the path shown and compare the refractive index of water to that of oil.
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e) | State two uses of total internal reflection.
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Question 6
A student is investigating the bending of light as it travels through different materials. |
a) | State the name of the phenomenon that occurs when light bends as it travels between different materials.
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b) | A student draws a prediction of how they think the light will pass through the glass block. There are three errors in the students diagram. Describe the three errors in the student's diagram.
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c) | Draw a corrected version of the diagram above.
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d) | The student uses a ray box with a narrow slit to produce a thin beam of light. Explain why it is better to use a thin beam of light when investigating refraction.
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e) | Describe a method the student could follow to find the refractive index of the glass block.
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f) | When the angle of incidence was 45°, the angle of refraction was 26°. Calculate the refractive index of the glass block.
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Question 7
This question is about the refraction of light through a glass block. The student shines a thin beam of light at a glass block causing it to refract. |
a) | Draw a normal line on the student's diagram.
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b) | The student uses a protractor to measure the angle of incidence. State the angle of incidence recorded by the student. The dotted line represents the normal.
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c) | The table below shows the student's data. Plot a graph of the student's results. Model answer
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d) | State the equation linking refractive index, angle of incidence and angle of refraction.
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e) | Calculate the refractive index of the glass block.
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Question 8
The diagram below shows a beam of light travelling through vegetable oil, glass and water. |
a) | Calculate the angle of refraction at the oil glass boundary.
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b) | Calculate the critical angle for the glass water boundary.
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c) | Complete the path of light as it travels through the glass and water.
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d) | Calculate the angle of incidence at the oil-water boundary that would result in total internal reflection at the glass-water boundary.
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e) | Explain why total internal reflection cannot occur at the oil-glass boundary.
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Question 9
A student fills a container with water. The container has a hole in one side which is plugged with a bung. The student shines a source of monochromatic light into the water. |
a) | State what is meant by a monochromatic light source.
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b) | The student removes the bung and allows water to drain from the container. The light totally internally reflects in the stream of water. State two conditions for the total internal reflection of light.
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c) | The refractive index of water is 1.33. Calculate the critical angle for the water-air boundary.
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d) | This experiment lead to the design of optical fibres which carry information as pulses of light. Describe the structure of a step-index optical fibre. You should include the purpose of the core and cladding in your answer.
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e) | Explain what is meant by modal dispersion in an optical fibre.
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