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Question 1
a) | What is the name of the elements in group 0 of the periodic table? A alkali metals B halogens C transition metals D noble gases
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b) | Which statement about the elements in group 0 is correct? A all elements in the group form positive ions B all elements in the group are very reactive C the relative atomic masses (Ar) decrease down the group D the boiling points increase down the group
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c) | Argon is in group 0. What type of particles are in a sample of argon? A atoms B molecules C ions D alloys
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d) | The table below shows the mass and abundance of the three naturally occurring isotopes of argon. Calculate the relative atomic mass of argon. Give your answer to 3 significant figures.
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Question 2
Bromine is an element in group 7 of the periodic table. |
a) | What is the name of the elements in group 7 of the periodic table? A alkali metals B halogens C transition metals D noble gases
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b) | Give the number of electrons in the outer shell of a bromine atom.
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c) | The table below shows the melting point and boiling point of bromine. |
What is the state of bromine at room temperature?
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d) | Complete the sentences below. Going down group 7 the melting points . This is because the size of the molecules so the intermolecular forces . increase increases increase
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e) | All the elements in group 7 react with hydrogen.
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e) i) | Hydrogen and chlorine react to produce hydrogen chloride. Write down the balanced symbol equation for the reaction.
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e) ii) | Suggest the conditions needed for hydrogen and iodine to react. Explain the reason for your answer.
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f) | Use your understanding of atomic structure to explain the trend in reactivity in the group 7 elements.
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Question 3
Halogens are elements in group 7 of the periodic table. |
The table below shows the melting points and boiling points of some of the elements in group 7 of the periodic table. |
a) | Why does iodine have a higher boiling point than chlorine?
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b) | Predict the melting point of bromine.
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c) | Astatine (At) is below iodine in Group 7. Predict:
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d) | Sodium is a metal in group 1 of the periodic table. Describe what you would see when sodium reacts with chlorine.
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Question 4
Potassium (K) is an element in group 1 of the periodic table. |
a) | Why do group 1 elements have similar chemical properties? A they have the same number of electrons B they have the same number of electrons in their outer shell C they have the same number of electrons in the first shell D they have the same number of electron shells
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b) | The atomic number of potassium is 19. Give the electronic structure of a potassium atom.
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c) | Write down the balanced symbol equation for the reaction of potassium with water.
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d) | State the trend in reactivity of the group 1 elements.
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e) | Explain the trend in reactivity in terms of atomic structure.
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f) | Lithium and other group 1 metals have different properties from the transition metals. Which two of these properties are properties of group 1 metals? A they react with oxygen. B they form coloured compounds. C they are strong and hard. D they have low melting points.
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Question 5
Halogens are elements in group 7 of the periodic table. Chlorine, bromine and iodine are halogens. A student investigated the reactivity of halogens by carrying out displacement reactions. |
a) | Explain how you would carry out displacement reactions to investigate the relative reactivity of chlorine, bromine and iodine.
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b) | The student recorded his results in the table below. |
Balance the symbol equation for the reaction of aqueous chlorine and potassium iodide solution. Cl2(aq) + KI(aq) → I2(aq) + KCl(aq) 2 2
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c) | Explain how the reactivity of halogens changes going down group 7. Use the results in the table above in your answer.
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Question 6
A student investigated the reaction of lithium and water. The student added water and two drops of universal indicator to a beaker, and placed a small piece of lithium in the water. Lithium reacted with water to produce lithium hydroxide and hydrogen. |
a) | Write down the balanced symbol equation for the reaction of lithium and water. Include state symbols.
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b) | Explain why the group 1 metals are called the alkali metals.
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c) | State two observations that the student would make during the reaction.
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d) | Explain why all group 1 metals have similar reactions with water.
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e) | Potassium is more reactive than lithium. Explain why, in terms of electronic structure.
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f) | Explain why group 1 metals are stored under oil.
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Question 7
Chlorine is an element in group 7 of the periodic table. A teacher showed her students the reaction of iron with chlorine. The image below shows the apparatus used. |
a) | Suggest why the teacher carried out this investigation in a fume cupboard.
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b) | The iron reacted with chlorine to produce iron chloride. Balance the symbol equation for the reaction of iron with chlorine. Fe(s) + Cl2(g) âž” FeCl3(s) 2 3 2
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c) | The teacher weighed the glass tube and contents before the reaction and after the reaction. Describe what happened to the mass of the glass tube and contents during the reaction. Explain your answer.
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d) | The teacher repeated the demonstration with bromine gas and iodine gas. The results were recorded in the table below. |
Predict what you would observe when fluorine gas reacts with iron.
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e) | Explain, in terms of electronic structure, why the reactivity of the halogens decreases going down group 7.
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Question 8
Transition elements and group 1 elements are both metals. The table below shows the melting points and formulae of oxides of two transition elements and two group 1 elements. |
a) | Use the data in the table and your own knowledge to compare the chemical and physical properties of transition elements and group 1 elements.
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b) | The boiling points and melting points of some of the elements in group 1 are shown in the table below. |
b) i) | An atom of sodium has a mass number of 23. Give the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in this atom of sodium.
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b) ii) | Plot the data from the table on the graph.
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b) iii) | Use the graph to predict the melting point, X, of potassium, atomic number 19.
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Question 9
A scientist recorded the observations she made when she reacted lithium, potassium and rubidium with water. The scientist's observations are shown in the table below. |
a) | Give two observations that can be made when sodium reacts with water.
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b) | The scientist concluded that, for group 1 elements, reactivity increases down the group. Give two ways in which the scientist's observations support her conclusion.
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c) | Write and balance the equation for the reaction of rubidium with water.
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Question 10
The image below shows some of the elements in the periodic table. |
a) | Give the chemical symbol for one of the noble gases.
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b) | Which of these statements about the noble gases is correct? A the noble gases all have atoms with eight electrons in the outer shell B the noble gases have boiling points that increase going down the group C the noble gases are extremely unstable D the noble gases react with metals to form ionic compounds
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c) | Explain why noble gases are monatomic.
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Question 11
Group 1 metals burn vigorously when heated and placed in a gas jar of oxygen. |
a) | Give the word equation for the reaction of sodium with oxygen.
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b) | What is the name of the type of chemical reaction that occurs when group 1 metals react with oxygen? A electrolysis B precipitation C oxidation D decomposition
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c) | A scientist dissolves the product of the reaction above in water. The solution contains a substance with the formula NaOH. |
c) i) | What is the name of the substance with the formula NaOH?
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c) ii) | Predict the pH value of the solution.
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| 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 |