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Question 1
Some coins are made from copper alloys. |
a) | Describe how the structure of an alloy is different from the structure of a pure metal.
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b) | Suggest one reason why coins are not made from pure copper.
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c) | Give the name of a copper alloy and state the elements used to make that alloy.
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Question 2
Metals are used in pylons and overhead power cables. |
a) | Describe the structure and bonding in metals.
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b) | Explain why metals are good conductors of electricity.
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c) | Suggest one reason why steel is used to make pylons.
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d) | The table shows some of the properties of copper and aluminium. Use the information in the table to suggest why aluminium and not copper is used to conduct electricity in overhead power cables.
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Question 3
The image below shows a representation of an alloy. |
a) | What is an alloy?
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b) | Explain why the alloy in the image is harder than the pure metal.
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c) | What percentage of the atoms in the alloy are atoms of metal A? Give your answer to 2 significant figures.
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Question 4
Aluminium is a metal used to make utensils for cooking, and for wrapping and storing food and drinks. |
a) | Which of the statements describes metallic bonding? A electrostatic attraction between atoms B electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions C electrostatic attraction between the nuclei of two atoms and a pair of electrons shared between them D electrostatic attraction between positively charged particles and delocalised electrons
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b) | Aluminium is used to make cans for food and drinks. Give two properties of aluminium that make it suitable for this use.
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c) | Aluminium is also used to make saucepans, which are used for cooking food at high temperatures. State one property of aluminium that makes it suitable to be used for cooking food at high temperatures.
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d) | Magnalium is an alloy of aluminium and magnesium. The diagram shows the arrangement of atoms in magnalium. Explain why magnalium is harder than aluminium.
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e) | There are 47 atoms of aluminium in the diagram above. Calculate the percentage of magnesium in the above diagram of magnalium. Give your answer to 2 significant figures.
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Question 5
Calcium is a metal found in group 2 of the periodic table. |
a) | Draw and label a diagram to describe the structure and bonding in calcium.
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b) | Calcium is malleable even though metallic bonds are strong. |
b) i) | What is the meaning of the word 'malleable'?
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b) ii) | Explain why metals are malleable.
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c) | Calcium can conduct electricity in both solid and liquid states. Explain why metals like calcium can conduct electricity.
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Question 6
This question is about the wide variety of applications of alloys. |
a) | The table shows information about four alloys. Which row, A, B, C, or D, gives correct information about an alloy?
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b) | Complete the sentence below. Copper is described as an element because all the in pure copper are the same. Brass is described as an alloy because it contains a of metals. atoms mixture
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c) | The image below shows an electric plug. The pins of the electric plug are made of brass. Brass is harder than copper. Explain why alloys are harder than pure metals.
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d) | Steel horseshoes are shaped to fit the feet of horses. Which type of steel is most easily shaped into horseshoes? A high carbon steel B low carbon steel C stainless steel
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e) | Cutlery is usually made of stainless steel. Cutlery is washed after use and must not wear away quickly. Suggest one reason why stainless steel is suitable for making spoons.
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Question 7
By reference to their structure, explain how:
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Question 8
Metals are good conductors of electricity. |
a) | Explain why metals are good conductors of electricity.
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b) | Suggest why electrical conductivity increases across the periodic table from sodium in group 1, to magnesium in group 2, and to aluminium in group 3.
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