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Question 1
The diagram below shows a root cell from a tomato tuber. |
a) | Name cell parts labelled A, B, and C in the diagram above.
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b) | Name the cell part labelled as D and describe its function within the cell.
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c) | Both plant cells and prokaryotic cells contain cell walls. Describe the difference between the composition of a plant cell wall and a prokaryotic cell wall.
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d) | Another cell part labelled in the diagram above is the nucleus. Describe the function of the nucleus in non-dividing cells.
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Question 2
The diagram below shows the structure of a typical animal cell. |
a) | Name the parts labelled A, C, D, and E in the diagram above.
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b) | Name the organelle labelled B in the diagram above and explain its function within the animal cell.
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c) | Name one organelle shown in the diagram above that you may also find in a prokaryotic cell.
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d) | Eukaryotic cells, such as the animal cell shown above, are capable of producing and releasing proteins. Describe the role of organelles in the synthesis, transport, and release of proteins from these cells.
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Question 3
The table below shows components often found in cell walls of different types of cell. |
a) | Complete the table by placing a tick in the boxes to show which cell types contain each component in their cell walls.
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b) | The diagram below shows an example of a typical prokaryotic cell. Name structures A, B, C, and D shown in the diagram above.
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c) | Name the main biological component found in structure A.
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d) | Name one organelle shown in the diagram above that you would also find inside a chloroplast.
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e) | Chloroplasts are organelles found within some eukaryotic cells. Compare the similarities and the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
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Question 4
The diagram below shows the structure of a chloroplast. |
a) | Name the parts of the chloroplast labelled A, B, and C.
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b) | Describe the function of chloroplasts inside palisade cells.
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c) | The diagram below shows the structure of a mitochondrion. Name the parts of the mitochondrion labelled X and Y.
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d) | A theory exists hypothesising that mitochondria evolved from prokaryotic cells. Give one piece of evidence that would support this theory.
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Question 5
The diagram below shows the rough outline of three different cells 1, 2, and 3. |
a) | Which cell shows an animal cell? Use evidence from the diagram to support your answer.
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b) | Which cell shows a plant cell? Use evidence from the diagram to support your answer.
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c) | Name two structures found in plant cells that are not found in animal cells.
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d) | Describe the similarities and differences between a plant cell and a prokaryotic cell.
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Question 6
The diagram below shows a transmission electron micrograph of an animal cell. |
a) | Name the structures labelled A, B, and C in the diagram above.
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b) | Identify the animal cell structures being described in the statements below: i) Organelle that modifies and packages proteins ii) Organelle containing 70S ribosomes iii) Organelle where protein synthesis takes place
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c) | Name two components you would expect to see in a plant cell that cannot be identified in the animal cell above.
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d) | Both animal and plant cells contain cell surface membranes. Describe the roles of the cell surface membrane within these cells.
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Question 7
The table shown below compares which organelles are found within each cell type. |
a) | Place a tick or a cross in each box to show which organelles are found within each cell type.
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b) | The diagram below shows an electron micrograph containing an organelle. Identify the organelle shown in the electron micrograph.
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c) | Name structures A and B shown in the diagram above.
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d) | The organelle shown above contains its own DNA. Describe the structure of this DNA.
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Question 8
The diagram below shows an example of a typical eukaryotic cell. |
a) | Describe the functions of components A and B.
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b) | Another organelle shown above is the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Describe its structure.
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c) | Give two features from the diagram above that provide evidence the cell is eukaryotic.
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d) | Proteins are synthesised during translation at the ribosomes. Explain what happens to proteins following this process until they are secreted from the cell.
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