Question 1

This question is about trends in the periodic table.

Which trend is correct?

  A  

melting point decreases from lithium to carbon

  B  

boiling point decreases from fluorine to iodine

  C  

first ionisation energy decreases from lithium to caesium

  D  

first ionisation energy increases from nitrogen to oxygen

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Question 2

Which equation represents the third ionisation energy for element J?

  A  

J2+(g) ➔ J3+(g) + e–

  B  

J3+(g) ➔ J4+(g) + e–

  C  

J(g) ➔ J3+(g) + e–

  D  

J2+(g) ➔ J3+(g) + 3e–

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Question 3

The melting points of the period 3 elements sodium to aluminium are shown in the table below.

Which factor explains the increase in melting points from sodium to aluminium?

  A  

the changes in first ionisation energy from sodium to aluminium

  B  

the increase in electronegativity from sodium to aluminium

  C  

the increase in the Ar of the elements from sodium to aluminium

  D  

the increase in the number of outer electrons in each atom from sodium to aluminium

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Question 4

Which factor helps to explain why the first ionisation energies of the group I elements decrease from lithium to sodium to potassium to rubidium?

  A  

the nuclear charge of the elements increases

  B  

the outer electron is in an ‘s’ subshell

  C  

the repulsion between spin-paired electrons increases

  D  

the shielding effect of the inner shells increases

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Question 5

Which element has the second smallest atomic radius in its group and the third lowest first ionisation energy in its period?

  A  

boron

  B  

calcium

  C  

magnesium

  D  

sodium

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Question 6

Why is the second ionisation energy of sodium larger than the second ionisation energy of magnesium?

  A  

the attraction between the nucleus and the outer electron is greater in Na+ than in Mg+

  B  

the nuclear charge of Na+ is greater than that of Mg+

  C  

the outer electron of Na+ is more shielded than the outer electron of Mg+

  D  

the outer electron of Na is in the same orbital as the outer electron of Mg

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Question 7

Consecutive elements X, Y and Z are in period 3 of the periodic table. Element Y has the highest first ionisation energy and the lowest melting point of these three elements.

What are the identities of X, Y and Z?

  A  

sodium, magnesium, aluminium

  B  

magnesium, aluminium, silicon

  C  

aluminium, silicon, phosphorus

  D  

silicon, phosphorus, sulfur

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Question 8

Which statement describes the trends of electronegativity values in the periodic table?

  A  

increase across a period and increase down a group

  B  

increase across a period and decrease down a group

  C  

decrease across a period and increase down a group

  D  

decrease across a period and decrease down a group

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Question 9

The 1st to 8th successive ionisation energies, in kJ mol-1, of an element in period 3 are:

1,012   1,903   2,912   4,957   6,274   21,269   25,398   29,855

What is the element?

  A  

Al

  B  

Si

  C  

P

  D  

S

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Question 10

Which statement best explains why nitrogen has a larger first ionisation energy than oxygen?

  A  

N atoms have less repulsion between p-orbital electrons than O atoms

  B  

N atoms have a smaller nuclear charge than O atoms

  C  

N atoms lose an electron from the 2s subshell, while O atoms lose an electron from the 2p subshell

  D  

N atoms have an odd number of electrons, while O atoms have an even number

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Question 11

Which change requires the largest amount of energy?

  A  

He+(g) ➔ He2+(g) + e–

  B  

Li(g) ➔ Li+(g) + e–

  C  

Mg+(g) ➔ Mg2+(g) + e–

  D  

N(g) ➔ N+(g) + e–

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Question 12

Which element is classified as a d block element?

  A  

antimony

  B  

molybdenum

  C  

strontium

  D  

uranium

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Question 13

Which element in period 3 has the highest melting point?

  A  

aluminium

  B  

silicon

  C  

sodium

  D  

sulfur

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Question 14

Which represents the correct order of increasing radius of the ions?

  A  

F-  O2-  Li+  Be2+

  B  

Li+  Be2+  O2-  F-

  C  

Be2+  Li+   F-  O2-

  D  

O2-  F-  Li+  Be2+

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Question 15

The diagram shows how a property of period 3 elements varies across the period.

What is the property?

  A  

atomic radius

  B  

electronegativity

  C  

first ionisation energy

  D  

melting point

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Question 16

Which element has the highest first ionisation energy?

  A  

aluminium

  B  

phosphorus

  C  

silicon

  D  

sulfur

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