Question 1
These questions concern the Maxwell-Boltzmann energy distribution shown below.
What is the best way to describe the activation energy, Ea, of a reaction?
the average energy of the particles that react
the minimum energy required for a reaction to occur
the energy difference between the reactants and products
the energy produced by the particles that react
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Question 2
How does the addition of a catalyst to a reaction affect the shape of the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution curve?
there is no change
the peak moves to the left and is higher
the peak moves to the right and is lower
the total area under the curve increases
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Question 3
The reaction pathway diagram below illustrates the energies of the reactants, the products and the transition state of a reaction.
Which expression represents the activation energy of the forward reaction?
E1 - E2
E2 - E1
E2 - E3
E3 - E2
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Question 4
In the diagram, curve X was obtained by observing the decomposition of 100 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm-3 hydrogen peroxide, catalysed by manganese(IV) oxide.
Which alteration to the original experimental conditions would produce curve Y?
adding some 0.1 mol dm-3 hydrogen peroxide
adding water
lowering the temperature
using less manganese(IV) oxide
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Question 5
Two reactions are shown.
Reaction 1: N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3(g)
Reaction 2: 2O3(g) ⇌ 3O2(g)
In reaction 1, a finely powdered iron catalyst is used.
In reaction 2, a vaporised tetrachloromethane catalyst in ultraviolet light is used.
Which statement about the catalysts used is correct?
both reaction 1 and reaction 2 use a heterogeneous catalyst
both reaction 1 and reaction 2 use a homogeneous catalyst
reaction 1 uses a heterogeneous catalyst and reaction 2 uses a homogeneous catalyst
reaction 1 uses a homogeneous catalyst and reaction 2 uses a heterogeneous catalyst
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Question 6
Hydrogen ions catalyse the hydrolysis of esters.
Which statement is correct?
the hydrogen ions act as a heterogeneous catalyst
the hydrogen ions are in the same phase as the reactants
the hydrogen ions are used up in the reaction
the hydrogen ions have no effect on the activation energy of the reaction
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Question 7
The diagram shows the Boltzmann distribution of energies in a gas. The gas can take part in a reaction with an activation energy, Ea. The gas is maintained at a constant temperature.
Which statement is correct?
if a catalyst is added, peak P will be lower and Ea will move to the left
if a catalyst is added, peak P will be lower and Ea will move to the right
if a catalyst is added, peak P will be the same and Ea will move to the left
if a catalyst is added, peak P will be the same and Ea will move to the right
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Question 8
Iodine and propanone react according to the following equation.
I2(aq) + CH3COCH3(aq) ➔ CH3COCH2I(aq) + HI(aq)
If the concentration of propanone is increased, keeping the total reaction volume constant, the rate of the reaction also increases.
What could be the reason for this?
a greater proportion of collisions is successful at the higher concentration
the particles are further apart at the higher concentration
the particles have more energy at the higher concentration
there are more collisions between reactant particles per second at the higher concentration
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Question 9
A Maxwell-Boltzmann curve shows the distribution of molecular energies in a reaction system.
When the temperature in this system is increased, the peak is
higher and further to the right
higher and further to the left
lower and further to the right
lower and further to the left
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Question 10
What is the main reason for the increase in reaction rate with increasing temperature?
the activation energy decreases
the activation energy increases
more molecules have an energy greater than the activation energy
the molecules collide more frequently
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Question 11
The figure shows a typical energy distribution for particles of an ideal gas in a sealed container at a fixed temperature.
Which of the following statements is true?
position A represents the mean energy of a molecule in the container
addition of a catalyst moves the position of Ea to the right
the area under the curve to the right of Ea represents the number of molecules with enough energy to react
the position of the peak of the curve at a higher temperature is further away from both axes
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Question 12
The Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution of molecular energies in a sample of gas at a fixed temperature is shown.
Which letter represents the mean energy of the molecules?
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