Question 1

What is/are intervention(s) in the control of blood glucose concentration?

1 - insulin injection

2 - regular cardiovascular exercise

3 - glucagon injection

  A  

1, 2, and 3

  B  

only 1 and 2

  C  

only 2 and 3

  D  

only 1 

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Question 2

Banting and Best pioneered experiments into the functions of the pancreas.

In one experiment, they removed the pancreas of dogs. Shortly afterwards, the dogs developed the symptoms of diabetes.

   • Banting ground up the removed pancreas to produce an extract

   • he called the extract 'isletin'

   • the isletin was then injected into dogs that had had their pancreas removed

   • he then tested the blood glucose concentration

The graph below is a summary of the results.

Which of the following statements correctly explains these results?

   1 - isletin is made in the α cells in the islets of Langerhans

   2 - isletin reduces blood glucose concentration

   3 - the effects of isletin are short lived

  A  

1, 2, and 3

  B  

only 1 and 2

  C  

only 2 and 3

  D  

only 1

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Question 3

What is true of type 2 diabetes?

  A  

caused by autoimmunity

  B  

present from birth

  C  

rapid onset

  D  

slow onset

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Question 4

What describes an indirect role of glucagon?

  A  

condensation

  B  

esterification

  C  

hydrolysis

  D  

oxidation

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Question 5

What is a common treatment for type 1 diabetes?

  A  

regular exercise

  B  

dietary changes

  C  

glucagon injections

  D  

insulin therapy

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Question 6

Which cells in the pancreas secrete insulin, and what triggers this?

  A  

delta cells, cold temperatures

  B  

beta cells, high blood glucose concentration

  C  

alpha cells, low blood glucose concentration

  D  

gamma cells, stress

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Question 7

What is the process called when glycogen is formed from glucose?

  A  

glycolysis

  B  

gluconeogenesis

  C  

glycogenesis

  D  

glycogenolysis

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Question 8

How does insulin lower blood glucose concentration?

  A  

by decreasing glucose absorption in the intestines

  B  

by increasing cell-surface membrane permeability to glucose

  C  

by stimulating glucagon release

  D  

by reducing the rate of respiration

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Question 9

What is the primary role of glucagon when blood glucose levels are low?

  A  

to increase glucose uptake by cells

  B  

to increase the rate of glycolysis

  C  

to stimulate insulin secretion

  D  

to promote glycogenolysis

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Question 10

What is the condition when blood glucose concentration can't be controlled properly?

  A  

hyperglycaemia

  B  

hypoglycaemia

  C  

diabetes insipidus

  D  

diabetes mellitus

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Question 11

Which statement is true regarding beta cells and their response to high blood glucose levels?

  A  

they are depolarised, preventing calcium ion channels from opening

  B  

they release glucagon to lower blood glucose levels

  C  

they release insulin when depolarised

  D  

they convert glucose into glycogen

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