Question 1

Which statements about bronchioles are correct?

1 - they have ciliated cells

2 - they have goblet cells

3 - they have muscle tissue

  A  

1, 2, and 3

  B  

1 and 2 only

  C  

1 and 3 only

  D  

2 and 3 only 

0

/

1

Question 2

Air moves in and out of human lungs through the trachea, which is lined with cells. The diagram below shows a section containing these cells.

Which statement about tracheal cells is correct?

  A  

cells X, Y, and Z are all columnar epithelial cells

  B  

cells X and Y move mucus and trapped bacteria out of the trachea

  C  

cell X releases mucus into the trachea

  D  

cell Z is a goblet cell

0

/

1

Question 3

Which characteristic of the human gaseous exchange surface and the lungs maintains the necessary concentration gradients for carbon dioxide and oxygen?

  A  

good ventilation of the lungs

  B  

large surface area of the alveoli

  C  

low resistance to air flow

  D  

the walls of the alveoli are thin

0

/

1

Question 4

Which tissues may be found in bronchioles?

  A  

cartilage, ciliated epithelium, glandular tissue

  B  

ciliated epithelium, elastic fibres, smooth muscle

  C  

elastic fibres, cartilage, smooth muscle

  D  

smooth muscle, glandular tissue, cartilage

0

/

1

Question 5

What would be seen in an electron micrograph of a bronchus wall?

1 - cartilage cells

2 - ciliated cells

3 - exocytotic vesicles

  A  

1 and 2 only

  B  

1 and 3 only

  C  

2 and 3 only

  D  

1, 2, and 3

0

/

1

Question 6

Which does not increase the efficiency of gaseous exchange in the alveoli?

  A  

the blood capillaries and alveoli have a large total surface area

  B  

the blood flow is slowed as it passes through the pulmonary capillaries

  C  

the walls of the alveoli and capillaries are moist

  D  

the walls of the alveoli and capillaries are very thin

0

/

1

Question 7

Which statement correctly explains a feature of an efficient gaseous exchange surface?

  A  

the layers are thin for a short diffusion distance

  B  

there is a good blood supply, so the system reaches equilibrium quickly

  C  

there is an increased surface area to reduce surface area to volume ratio

  D  

ventilation takes place to reduce concentration gradient of dissolved gases


0

/

1

Question 8

An oxygen molecule diffuses from the air in an alveolus through cells to haemoglobin in a red blood cell.

What is the minimum number of cell-surface membranes through which this molecule must pass?

  A  

2

  B  

3

  C  

4

  D  

5

0

/

1

Question 9

Which statements about the human gas exchange system are correct?

1 - the absence of cartilage in small bronchioles allows them to expand

2 - the walls of the alveoli are made of cuboidal epithelium

3 - alveoli secrete surfactant which reduces surface tension in the lungs

4 - the trachea and bronchi are supported by circles of cartilage

  A  

1 and 2

  B  

1 and 3

  C  

2 and 4

  D  

3 and 4

0

/

1

Question 10

Which structure does not have smooth muscle tissue in its walls?

  A  

trachea

  B  

capillary

  C  

bronchiole


  D  

arteriole

0

/

1