Question 1

What correctly describes an event in the cardiac cycle that follows atrial systole?

  A  

a wave of excitation passes through the sinoatrial node, before spreading down to the base of the septum

  B  

electrical impulses pass from the muscles of the atria to the muscles of the ventricles to cause ventricular systole

  C  

electrical impulses pass through conducting fibres, which cause a delay before spreading to Purkyne tissue

  D  

the opening and closing of the semilunar valves occurs later than the opening and closing of the atrioventricular valves

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Question 2

The contraction of the heart is coordinated through electrical impulses passing through the cardiac muscle.

What is the correct order of part of the sequence of these impulses?

  A  

right and left atria → sinoatrial node → atrioventricular node → ventricular walls

  B  

sinoatrial node → right and left atria → atrioventricular node → Purkyne tissue

  C  

sinoatrial node → right and left atria → Purkyne tissue → atrioventricular node

  D  

sinoatrial node → right and left atria → Purkyne tissue → ventricular walls

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Question 3

What happens during ventricular systole in a mammalian heart?

  A  

aortic pressure increases

  B  

atrioventricular valves open

  C  

semilunar valves close

  D  

ventricular pressure decreases

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Question 4

What happens during ventricular diastole?

  A  

all semilunar valves open

  B  

the atrioventricular valves open

  C  

the pressure in the atria rises above the pressure in the ventricles

  D  

the pressure in the left atrium rises more than the pressure in the right atrium

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Question 5

Which features allow an artery to resist changes in the pressure of blood flowing through it?

1 - smooth endothelium

2 - thick elastic layer in the artery wall

3 - thick layer of muscle in the artery wall

  A  

1, 2, and 3

  B  

1 and 2 only

  C  

1 and 3 only

  D  

2 and 3 only

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Question 6

Which statements are correct?

1 - tissue fluid has less protein and no red blood cells compared to plasma

2 - lymph may contain lipids, carbon dioxide and phagocytes

3 - tissue fluid contains glucose, amino acids, urea and carbon dioxide

  A  

1 and 2

  B  

2 and 3

  C  

1 and 3

  D  

1, 2, and 3

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Question 7

Which statement about the blood flow in the cardiac cycle is correct?

  A  

blood flows into the aorta through the semilunar valve due to contraction of the right ventricle

  B  

blood flows into the left atrium through the pulmonary artery when the wall of the left atrium relaxes

  C  

blood flows into the right atrium through the vena cava when the wall of the right atrium relaxes

  D  

blood flows into the right ventricle through the semilunar valve due to contraction of the right atrium

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Question 8

Why is the mammalian circulatory system described as a double circulation?

  A  

blood flows twice through the heart in one complete cardiac cycle


  B  

blood flows twice through the heart in one complete circuit of the body

  C  

blood remains within arteries, capillaries and veins

  D  

blood transports both oxygen and carbon dioxide

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Question 9

Which statement correctly compares blood plasma and tissue fluid in a healthy person?

  A  

blood plasma contains more protein than tissue fluid

  B  

both blood plasma and tissue fluid contain red blood cells

  C  

tissue fluid contains white blood cells whereas blood plasma does not

  D  

tissue fluid is formed from blood plasma and is not returned to blood plasma

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Question 10

Which statements about arteries are correct?

1 - artery walls can resist high pressure

2 - arteries pump blood out of the heart

3 - blood in arteries has the same flow rate as in veins

4 - the pulse in arteries is the result of a surge in blood that causes expansion of the artery wall

5 - there are semilunar valves at the junction of arteries with the heart

  A  

1, 4, and 5

  B  

1, 2, 3, and 4

  C  

1 and 2 only

  D  

2 and 3 only

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